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January 29, 2024

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Publications

Omicron Breakthrough Infection Elicits Superior Humoral and Mucosal Immune Responses to SARS-CoV-2 Variants than an Intramuscular Booster Dose

Preprint
Written by Sabryna Nantel, Salma Sheikh-Mohamed, Gary Y. C. Chao, Alexandra Kurtesi, Queenie Hu, Heidi Wood, Karen Colwill, Zhijie Li, Ying Liu, Laurie Seifried, Benoîte Bourdin, Allison McGeer, William R. Hardy, Olga L. Rojas, Mario A. Ostrowski, Mark A. Brockman, Ciriaco A. Piccirillo, Caroline Quach, James M. Rini, Anne-Claude Gingras, Hélène Decaluwe, Jennifer L. Gommerman
September 25, 2023

Our understanding of the quality of cellular and humoral immunity conferred by COVID-19 vaccination alone versus vaccination plus SARS-CoV-2 breakthrough (BT) infection remains incomplete. While the current (2023) SARS-CoV-2 immune…

SARS-CoV-2 Omicron infection augments the magnitude and durability of systemic and mucosal immunity in triple-dose CoronaVac recipients

Preprint
Written by Yuxin Chen, Tiantian Zhao, Lin Chen, Guozhi Jiang, Yu Geng, Wanting Li, Shengxia Yin, Xin Tong, Yue Tao, Jun Ni, Qiuhan Lu, Mingzhe Ning, Chao Wu
September 12, 2023

Background: The inactivated whole-virion vaccine, CoronaVac, is one of the most widely used coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines worldwide. There is a paucity of data indicating the durability of the…

Less neutralization evasion of SARS-CoV-2 BA.2.86 than XBB sublineages and CH.1.1

Preprint
Written by Yanping Hu, Jing Zou, Chaitanya Kurhade, Xiangxue Deng, Hope C. Chang, Debora K. Kim, Pei-Yong Shi, Ping Ren, Xuping Xie
September 11, 2023

The highly mutated BA.2.86, with over 30 spike protein mutations in comparison to Omicron BA.2 and XBB.1.5 variants, has raised concerns about its potential to evade COVID-19 vaccination or prior…

Neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 EG.5/EG.5.1 by sera from ZF2001 RBD-dimer and its next-generation vaccines

Preprint
Written by Yaling An, Xuemei Zhou, Lifeng Tao, Haitang Xie, Chenxi Yang, Dedong Li, Ruyue Wang, Hua Hu, Kefang Liu, Lianpan Dai, Kun Xu, George F. Gao
September 4, 2023

SARS-CoV-2 Omicron EG.5 and EG.5.1 are surging in several areas of the world, including China. Compared with XBB.1, EG.5 contains additional mutations of F456L and S486P in the spike protein…

Convergent evolution of SARS-CoV-2 XBB lineages on receptor-binding domain 455-456 enhances antibody evasion and ACE2 binding

Preprint
Written by Fanchong Jian, Sijie Yang, Yuanling Yu, Weiliang Song, Ayijiang Yisimayi, Xiaosu Chen, Yanli Xu, Peng Wang, Lingling Yu, Jing Wang, Lu Liu, Xiao Niu, Jing Wang, Tianhe Xiao, Qingqing Gu, Fei Shao, Ronghua Jin, Zhongyang Shen, Youchun Wang, Yunlong Richard Cao
August 31, 2023

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) XBB lineages have achieved dominance worldwide and keep on evolving. Convergent evolution of XBB lineages on the receptor-binding domain (RBD) L455F and F456L…

Estimating seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 infection after highly contagious Omicron outbreak: A cross sectional study in a university setting

Preprint
Written by Ching-Wen Hou, Stacy Williams, Guillermo Trivino-Soto, Veronica Boyle, David Rainford, Selina Vicino, Mitch Magee, Yunro Chung, Joshua Labaer, Vel Murugan
August 29, 2023

ObjectiveThis study aimed to investigate the seroprevalence of severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) antibodies among individuals aged 18 years and older

DesignProspective cohort study.

SettingsPopulation-based study was conducted within the…

Antibody Neutralization of Emerging SARS-CoV-2: EG.5.1 and XBC.1.6

Preprint
Written by Qian Wang, Yicheng Guo, Richard Ma Zhang, Jerren Ho, Hiroshi Mohri, Riccardo Valdez, David M Manthei, Aubree Gordon, Lihong Liu, David D Ho
August 25, 2023

SARS-CoV-2 variants EG.5.1 and XBC.1.6 have recently emerged, attracting increased attention due to their rapid expansion globally and in Australia, respectively. EG.5.1 evolved from Omicron subvariant XBB.1.9, harboring additional Q52H…

Mucosal antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 booster vaccination and breakthrough infection

Preprint
Written by Disha Bhavsar, Gagandeep Singh, Kaori Sano, Charles Gleason, Komal Srivastava, Juan Manuel Carreno, Viviana Simon, Florian Krammer
August 25, 2023

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines have saved millions of lives. However, variants of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) have emerged causing large numbers of breakthrough infections. These developments…

Distinct COVID-19 vaccine combinations result in divergent immune responses

Preprint
Written by Luca M. Zaeck, Ngoc H. Tan, Wim J.R. Rietdijk, Daryl Geers, Roos S.G. Sablerolles, Susanne Bogers, Laura L.A. van Dijk, Lennert Gommers, Leanne P.M. van Leeuwen, Sharona Rugebregt, Abraham Goorhuis, Douwe F. Postma, Leo G. Visser, Virgil A.S.H. Dalm, Melvin Lafeber, Neeltje A. Kootstra, Anke L.W. Huckriede, Bart L. Haagmans, Debbie van Baarle, Marion P.G. Koopmans, P. Hugo M. van der Kuy, Corine H. GeurtsvanKessel, Rory D. de Vries, - SWITCH-ON Research Group
August 25, 2023

Waning antibody responses after COVID-19 vaccination combined with the emergence of the SARS-CoV-2 Omicron lineage led to reduced vaccine effectiveness. As a countermeasure, bivalent mRNA-based booster vaccines encoding the ancestral…

NVX-CoV2373 ancestral and NVX-CoV2540 BA.5 protein nanoparticle vaccines protect against Omicron BA.5 variant in Syrian hamsters

Preprint
Written by Traci L Bricker, Astha Joshi, Nadia Soudani, Suzanne Scheaffer, Nita Patel, Mimi Guebre Xabier, Gale Smith, Michael Diamond, Adrianus C Boon
August 8, 2023

The emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants with greater transmissibility or immune evasion properties has jeopardized the existing vaccine and antibody-based countermeasures. Here, we evaluated the efficacy of boosting with the protein…

CD4+ T cell senescence is associated with reduced reactogenicity in severe/critical COVID-19

Preprint
Written by Jie Zhang, Chun Chang, Zhaoyuan Liang, Tingting Hu, Zhongnan Yin, Ying Liang, Ting Zhang, Yanling Ding, Xianlong Li, Xiaoyan Gai, Xiaoxue Yang, Xin Li, Xixuan Dong, Jiaqi Ren, Yafei Rao, Jun Wang, Jianling Yang, Yongchang Sun, Lixiang Xue
August 7, 2023

BackgroundAging is a critical risk factor for unfavorable clinical outcomes among COVID-19 patients and may affect vaccine efficacy. However, whether the senescence of T cells impact the progression to severe…

COVID-19 Transmission and Morbidity in Malawi

Written by Clarissa Valim, MD ScD, Aditi S Kothari, BDS MDSc MPH, Clarissa Valim, MD ScD, Don Mathanga, MBBS PhD, Patricia Hibberd, MD PhD, James Beeson, MBBS PhD
August 2, 2023

SARS-CoV-2 transmission was expected to have a devastating impact in sub-Saharan African countries. Instead, morbidity and mortality rates in nearly the whole region are an order of magnitude lower than…

Dynamics of T-cell responses following COVID-19 mRNA vaccination and breakthrough infection in older adults

Preprint
Written by Sneha Datwani, Rebecca Kalikawe, Francis Mwimanzi, Sarah Speckmaier, Richard Liang, Yurou Sang, Rachel Waterworth, Fatima Yaseen, Hope R Lapointe, Evan Barad, Mari L DeMarco, Daniel T Holmes, Janet Simons, Julio SG Montaner, Marc Gabriel Romney, Zabrina L Brumme, Mark A Brockman
July 16, 2023

IntroductionWhile older adults generally mount weaker antibody responses to a primary COVID-19 vaccine series, T-cell responses remain less well characterized in this population. We compared SARS-CoV-2 spike-specific T-cell responses after…

The role of COVID-19 vaccines in preventing post COVID-19 thromboembolic and cardiovascular complications: a multinational cohort study

Preprint
Written by Nuria Mercade-Besora, Xintong Li, Raivo Kolde, Nhung TH Trinh, Maria T Sanchez-Santos, Wai Yi Man, Elena Roel, Carlen Reyes, Antonella Delmestri, Hedvig ME Nordeng, Anneli Uuskula, Talita Duarte-Salles, Clara Prats, Daniel Prieto-Alhambra, Annika M Jodicke, Marti Catala
June 29, 2023

ImportanceThe overall effects of vaccination on the risk of cardiac, and venous and arterial thromboembolic complications following COVID-19 remain unclear.

ObjectiveWe studied the association between COVID-19 vaccination and the risk…

Study on Clinical Use of Evusheld (AZD7442) in the Real-world Setting - A Multi-Centre, Single-arm, Observational Study to Determine the Utilisation and Clinical Outcomes of Evusheld in China

Written by Jieming Qu, Doctor
June 26, 2023

Evusheld(AZD7442) is a combination of 2 human long-acting antibodies, which was selected for maximal potency and demonstrated synergistic neutralization of SARS-CoV-2 in vitro. PROVENT is a Phase III study in…

Urticaria after breakthrough Omicron BA.5.1 severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection in a triple-vaccinated (Pfizer) patient: a case report.

Journal Article
J Med Case Rep
Written by Karl Ciuoderis, Laura Perez, Catalina Alvarez, Jaime Usuga, Leidi Carvajal, Andrés Cardona, Maria A Maya, Gavin Cloherty, Juan P Hernandez-Ortiz, Jorge E Osorio
May 4, 2023

BACKGROUND: Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 continues to threaten public health. The virus is causing breakthrough infections in vaccinated individuals. Also, scarce information is available about cutaneous manifestations after…

Broad-Spectrum Heavily Mutated Monoclonal Antibody Isolated from COVID-19 Convalescent Vaccinee with Capacity to Neutralize SARS-CoV2 Variants Ranging from B.1 to BQ.1.1

Preprint
Written by Alok K Choudhary, David Calianese, William Honnen, Afsal Kolloli, Ryan J Dikdan, Dabbu Jaijyan, Ge Song, Tazio Capozzola, Vikash Akkaraju, Arun Mattappallil, Anthony Rosania, Salman Khan, Mark Lerman, Nikaein Afzal, Selvakumar Subbian, Ting Chao Chou, Raiees Andrabi, Dennis Burton, Abraham Pinter
May 4, 2023

The increasing prevalence of the highly antibody-evasive Omicron sublineages increases the risk of breakthrough infections and leaves high-risk and vulnerable immunocompromised individuals with no effective options for prophylactic or therapeutic…

Clinical Course of 53 Previously Vaccinated Patients Admitted to the National Hospital in Warsaw, Poland with COVID-19 Between November 2021 and March 2022.

Journal Article
Med Sci Monit
Written by Artur Zaczyński, Michał Hampel, Paweł Piątkiewicz, Jacek Nasiłowski, Sławomir Butkiewicz, Urszula Religioni, Agnieszka Barańska, Maria Malm, Agnieszka Neumann-Podczaska, Regis Vaillancourt, Piotr Merks
April 29, 2023

BACKGROUND Current vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2) and vaccine booster programs aim to reduce hospitalizations due to severe COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019). It is now accepted…

Binding and avidity signatures of polyclonal sera from individuals with different exposure histories to SARS-CoV-2 infection, vaccination, and Omicron breakthrough infections.

Journal Article
J Infect Dis
Written by Gagandeep Singh, Anass Abbad, Johnstone Tcheou, Demodara Rao Mendu, Adolfo Firpo-Betancourt, Charles Gleason, Komal Srivastava, Carlos Cordon Cardo, Viviana Simon, Florian Krammer, Juan Manuel Carreño
April 27, 2023

BACKGROUND: The number of exposures to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and to vaccination antigens impact the magnitude and avidity of the polyclonal response. METHODS: We studied binding…

Impact of hybrid immunity booster vaccination and Omicron breakthrough infection on SARS-CoV-2 VOCs cross-neutralization.

Journal Article
iScience
Written by Edwards Pradenas, Silvia Marfil, Víctor Urrea, Macedonia Trigueros, Tetyana Pidkova, Anna Pons-Grífols, Raquel Ortiz, Carla Rovirosa, Ferran Tarrés-Freixas, Carmen Aguilar-Gurrieri, Ruth Toledo, Anna Chamorro, Marc Noguera-Julian, Lourdes Mateu, Ignacio Blanco, Eulàlia Grau, Marta Massanella, Jorge Carrillo, Bonaventura Clotet, Benjamin Trinité, Julià Blanco
April 21, 2023

The elicitation of cross-variant neutralizing antibodies against SARS-CoV-2 represents a major goal for current COVID-19 vaccine strategies. Additionally, natural infection may also contribute to broaden neutralizing responses. To assess the…

Immunogenicity of bivalent omicron (BA.1) booster vaccination after different priming regimens in health-care workers in the Netherlands (SWITCH ON): results from the direct boost group of an open-label, multicentre, randomised controlled trial.

Journal Article
Lancet Infect Dis
Written by Ngoc H Tan, Daryl Geers, Roos S G Sablerolles, Wim J R Rietdijk, Abraham Goorhuis, Douwe F Postma, Leo G Visser, Susanne Bogers, Laura L A van Dijk, Lennert Gommers, Leanne P M van Leeuwen, Annemarie Boerma, Sander H Nijhof, Karel A van Dort, Marion P G Koopmans, Virgil A S H Dalm, Melvin Lafeber, Neeltje A Kootstra, Anke L W Huckriede, Debbie van Baarle, Luca M Zaeck, Corine H GeurtsvanKessel, Rory D de Vries, P Hugo M van der Kuy
April 20, 2023

BACKGROUND: Bivalent mRNA-based COVID-19 vaccines encoding the ancestral and omicron spike (S) protein were developed as a countermeasure against antigenically distinct SARS-CoV-2 variants. We aimed to assess the (variant-specific) immunogenicity…

Structure-guided design of direct-acting antivirals that exploit the gem-dimethyl effect and potently inhibit 3CL proteases of severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) and middle east respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV).

Journal Article
Eur J Med Chem
Written by Chamandi S Dampalla, Matthew J Miller, Yunjeong Kim, Alexandria Zabiegala, Harry Nhat Nguyen, Trent K Madden, Hayden A Thurman, Alexandra J Machen, Anne Cooper, Lijun Liu, Kevin P Battaile, Scott Lovell, Kyeong-Ok Chang, William C Groutas
April 15, 2023

The high morbidity and mortality associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection, the etiological agent of COVID-19, has had a major impact on global public health. Significant progress has been made in the…

COVID-19 in a centenarian, the vaccination, the breakthrough infection, and the third booster dose.

Letter
Hong Kong Med J
Written by J S M Leung
April 14, 2023

Humoral and T Cell Immune Responses against SARS-CoV-2 after Primary and Homologous or Heterologous Booster Vaccinations and Breakthrough Infection: A Longitudinal Cohort Study in Malaysia.

Journal Article
Viruses
Written by Jolene Yin Ling Fu, Muhammad Harith Pukhari, Maria Kahar Bador, I-Ching Sam, Yoke Fun Chan
March 25, 2023

Vaccine efficacy against SARS-CoV-2 could be compromised by the emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants and it is important to study how it impacts the booster vaccination regime. We investigated the humoral…

Breakthrough Hemolysis Associated With COVID-19 Vaccination and Active COVID-19 Infection in a Patient With Paroxysmal Nocturnal Hemoglobinuria Maintained on Pegcetacoplan: A Case Report.

Case Reports
Cureus
Written by Mitchell C Boshkos, Kaila R Fives, Davong D Phrathep, Kevin D Healey, Miten Patel
March 16, 2023

Breakthrough hemolysis (BTH) is the return of hemolytic disease resulting in an overall increase in complement activation in a patient being treated for paroxysmal nocturnal hemoglobinuria (PNH) with complement inhibitors…

A Phase 2/3, Double-blind, Randomized, Placebo-controlled, 3-arm Study to Evaluate the Safety, and Efficacy of AD17002 (LTh[αK]) Intranasal Spray in Male and Female Participants Aged 18 to 65 Years With Mild to Moderate COVID 19

Written by Dwi Aris Agung Nugrahaningsih, MD. PhD, Jarir At Thobari, MD. PhD.
September 15, 2022

AD17002 enhances nasal mucosal innate immunity and has met safety and efficacy endpoints in nasal adjuvant or intranasal immunomodulator studies. The aim of this study is assessing the safety and…

Immunogenicity, Efficacy and Safety of Inhaled (IH) Viral Vectored Vaccine (Convidecia, CanSino) as Second Booster Dose Against Emerging Variants of Concern (VOC) of SARS-CoV-2 to Prevent Breakthrough Infections. A Randomized Observer-blind Controlled Trial.

Written by Sharon Shi Min Ng, Norliza Zainudin, Sunita Bavanandam
August 26, 2022

This will be a randomized single-blind controlled trial to determine the immunogenicity, efficacy and safety of IH Convidecia (CanSino), as a second booster vaccination against Omicron and other emerging VOCs…

Comparison of Immunity-boosting Regimens for COVID-19 Upon Initiation of Immunosuppressive Therapy

Written by Dianne L Carey, PhD, Sarah Sasson, PhD
June 13, 2022

It is important people receiving immunosuppressive therapy are provided with the best protection against COVID-19 because they are at greater risk of severe illness should they become infected. As severe…

Immunological Responses After Vaccination for COVID-19 With the Messenger Ribonucleic Acid (mRNA) Vaccine Comirnaty in Immunosuppressed and Immunocompetent Individuals. An Open and Non-randomized, Phase IV Multicenter Study

Written by Soo Aleman, Soo Aleman, MD, PhD
March 3, 2021

The study is designed as an open, non-randomized, phase IV cohort study in which the mRNA vaccine Comirnaty will be given in two doses. Analyses will be performed on blood…